Jeremiah 44

Conquest of Egypt Predicted

1 The word that came to Jeremiah for all the Jews living in the land of Egypt, those who were living in 1Migdol, 2Tahpanhes, 3Memphis, and the land of 4Pathros, saying,
2 "Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, 'You yourselves have seen all the calamity that I have brought on Jerusalem and all the cities of Judah; and behold, this day they are in 5ruins and no one lives in them,
3 6because * of their wickedness which they committed so as to 7provoke Me to anger by continuing to 8burn sacrifices and to 9serve other gods whom they had not known, neither they, you, nor your fathers.
4 'Yet I 10sent you all My servants the prophets, again and again, saying, "Oh, do not do this 11abominable thing which I hate."
5 'But 12they did not listen or incline their ears to turn from their wickedness, so as not to burn sacrifices to other gods.
6 'Therefore My 13wrath and My anger were poured out and burned in the 14cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, so they have become a ruin and a 15desolation as it is this day.
7 'Now then thus says the LORD God of hosts, the God of Israel, "Why are you 16doing great harm to yourselves, so as to 17cut off from you man and woman, child and infant, from among Judah, leaving yourselves without remnant,
8 18provoking Me to anger with the works of your hands, 19burning sacrifices to other gods in the land of Egypt, where * you are entering to reside, so that you might be cut off and become a 20curse and a reproach among all the nations of the earth?
9 "Have you forgotten the 21wickedness of your fathers, the wickedness of the kings of Judah, and the wickedness of their wives, your own wickedness, and the wickedness of your wives, which they committed in the land of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem?
10 "But they 22have not become contrite even to this day, nor have they feared nor 23walked in My law or My statutes, which I have set before you and before your fathers."'
11 "Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, 'Behold, I am going to 24set My face against you for woe, even to cut off all Judah.
12 'And I will 25take away the remnant of Judah who have set their mind on entering the land of Egypt to reside there, and they will all 26meet their end in the land of Egypt; they will fall by the sword and meet their end by famine. Both small and great will die by the sword and famine; and they will become a 27curse, an object of horror, an imprecation and a reproach.
13 'And I will 28punish those who live in the land of Egypt, as I have punished Jerusalem, with the sword, with famine and with pestilence.
14 'So there will be 29no refugees or survivors for the remnant of Judah who have entered the land of Egypt to reside there and then to return to the land of Judah, to which they are 30longing * to return and live; for none will 31return except * a few refugees.' "
15 Then 32all the men who were aware that their wives were burning sacrifices to other gods, along with all the women who were standing by, as a large assembly, including all the people who were living in Pathros in the land of Egypt, responded to Jeremiah, saying,
16 "As for the 33message that you have spoken to us in the name of the LORD, 34we are not going to listen to you!
17 "But rather * we will certainly 35carry out every word that has proceeded from our mouths, by burning sacrifices to the 36queen of heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, just as 37we ourselves, our forefathers, our kings and our princes did in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem; for then we had 38plenty of food and were well off and saw no misfortune.
18 "But since * we stopped burning sacrifices to the queen of heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, we have 39lacked everything and have met our end by the sword and by famine."
19 "And," said the women, "when we were 40burning sacrifices to the queen of heaven and were pouring out drink offerings to her, was it 41without * our husbands that we made for her sacrificial cakes in her image and poured out drink offerings to her?"

Calamity for the Jews

20 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, to the men and women -even to all the people who were giving him such an answer -saying,
21 "As for the 42smoking sacrifices that you burned in the cities of Judah and in the 43streets of Jerusalem, you and your forefathers, your kings and your princes, and the people of the land, did not the LORD 44remember them and did not all this come into His mind?
22 "So the LORD was 45no longer able to endure it, 46because * of the evil of your deeds, because * of the abominations which you have committed; thus your land has become a 47ruin, an object of horror and a curse, without an inhabitant, as it is this day.
23 "Because * you have burned sacrifices and have sinned against the LORD and 48not obeyed the voice of the LORD or 49walked in His law, His statutes or His testimonies, therefore * this 50calamity has befallen you, as it has this day."
24 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, including all the women, "51Hear the word of the LORD, all Judah who are 52in the land of Egypt,
25 thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, as follows: 'As for you and your wives, you have spoken with your mouths and fulfilled it with your hands, saying, "We will 53certainly perform our vows that we have vowed, to burn sacrifices to the queen of heaven and pour out drink offerings to her." 54Go ahead and confirm your vows, and certainly perform your vows!'
26 "Nevertheless hear the word of the LORD, all Judah who are living in the land of Egypt, 'Behold, I have 55sworn by My great name,' says the LORD, '56never shall My name be invoked again by the mouth of any man of Judah in all the land of Egypt, saying, "57As the Lord GOD lives."
27 'Behold, I am watching over them 58for harm and not for good, and 59all the men of Judah who are in the land of Egypt will meet their end by the sword and by famine until they are completely gone.
28 '60Those who escape the sword will return out of the land of Egypt to the land of Judah 61few in number. Then all the remnant of Judah who have gone to the land of Egypt to reside there will know 62whose word will stand, Mine or theirs.
29 'This will be the 63sign to you,' declares the LORD, 'that I am going to punish you in this place, so that you may know that 64My words will surely stand against you for harm.'
30 "Thus says the LORD, 'Behold, I am going to give over 65Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt to the hand of his enemies, to the hand of those who seek his life, just as I gave over 66Zedekiah king of Judah to the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, who was his enemy and was seeking his life.' "

Jeremiah 44 Commentary

Chapter 44

The Jews in Egypt persist in idolatry. (1-14) They refuse to reform. (15-19) Jeremiah then denounces destruction upon them. (20-30)

Verses 1-14 God reminds the Jews of the sins that brought desolations upon Judah. It becomes us to warn men of the danger of sin with all seriousness: Oh, do not do it! If you love God, do not, for it is provoking to him; if you love your own souls, do not, for it is destructive to them. Let conscience do this for us in the hour of temptation. The Jews whom God sent into the land of the Chaldeans, were there, by the power of God's grace, weaned from idolatry; but those who went by their own perverse will into the land of the Egyptians, were there more attached than ever to their idolatries. When we thrust ourselves without cause or call into places of temptation, it is just with God to leave us to ourselves. If we walk contrary to God, he will walk contrary to us. The most awful miseries to which men are exposed, are occasioned by the neglect of offered salvation.

Verses 15-19 These daring sinners do not attempt excuses, but declare they will do that which is forbidden. Those who disobey God, commonly grow worse and worse, and the heart is more hardened by the deceitfulness of sin. Here is the real language of the rebellious heart. Even the afflictions which should have parted them from their sins, were taken so as to confirm them in their sins. It is sad when those who should quicken each other to what is good, and so help one another to heaven, harden each other in sin, and so ripen one another for hell. To mingle idolatry with Divine worship, and to reject the mediation of Christ, are provoking to God, and ruinous to men. All who worship images, or honour saints, and angels, and the queen of heaven, should recollect what came from the idolatrous practices of the Jews.

Verses 20-30 Whatever evil comes upon us, it is because we have sinned against the Lord; we should therefore stand in awe, and sin not. Since they were determined to persist in their idolatry, God would go on to punish them. What little remains of religion were among them, would be lost. The creature-comforts and confidences from which we promise ourselves most, may fail as soon as those from which we promise ourselves least; and all are what God makes them, not what we fancy them to be. Well-grounded hopes of our having a part in the Divine mercy, are always united with repentance and obedience.

Cross References 66

  • 1. Exodus 14:2; Jeremiah 46:14
  • 2. Jeremiah 43:7; Ezekiel 30:18
  • 3. Isaiah 19:13; Jeremiah 2:16; Jeremiah 46:14; Ezekiel 30:13, 16; Hosea 9:6
  • 4. Isaiah 11:11; Ezekiel 29:14; Ezekiel 30:14
  • 5. Isaiah 6:11; Jeremiah 4:7; Jeremiah 9:11; Jeremiah 34:22; Micah 3:12
  • 6. Nehemiah 9:33; Jeremiah 2:17-19; Jeremiah 44:23; Ezekiel 8:17, 18; Daniel 9:5
  • 7. Isaiah 3:8; Jeremiah 7:19; Jeremiah 32:30-32; Jeremiah 44:8
  • 8. Jeremiah 19:4
  • 9. Deuteronomy 13:6; Deuteronomy 29:26; Deuteronomy 32:17
  • 10. Jeremiah 7:13, 25; Jeremiah 25:4; Jeremiah 26:5; Jeremiah 29:19; Jeremiah 35:15; Zechariah 7:7
  • 11. Jeremiah 16:18; Jeremiah 32:34, 35; Ezekiel 8:10
  • 12. Jeremiah 11:8, 10; Jeremiah 13:10
  • 13. Isaiah 51:17-20; Jeremiah 42:18; Ezekiel 8:18
  • 14. Jeremiah 7:17, 34
  • 15. Jeremiah 4:27; Jeremiah 34:22
  • 16. Numbers 16:38; Jeremiah 26:19; Ezekiel 33:11; Habakkuk 2:10
  • 17. Jeremiah 3:24; Jeremiah 9:21; Jeremiah 51:22
  • 18. 2 Kings 17:15-17; Jeremiah 25:6, 7; Jeremiah 44:3; 1 Corinthians 10:21, 22
  • 19. Jeremiah 7:9; Jeremiah 11:12, 17; Jeremiah 44:3; Hosea 4:13; Habakkuk 1:16
  • 20. 1 Kings 9:7, 8; 2 Chronicles 7:20; Jeremiah 42:18
  • 21. Jer 7:9, 10, 17, 18; Jeremiah 44:17, 21
  • 22. Jeremiah 6:15; Jeremiah 8:12
  • 23. Jeremiah 26:4; Jeremiah 32:23; Jeremiah 44:23
  • 24. Leviticus 17:10; Leviticus 20:5, 6; Leviticus 26:17; Jeremiah 21:10; Amos 9:4
  • 25. Jer 42:15-18, 22
  • 26. Isaiah 1:28; Jeremiah 16:4; Jeremiah 44:7
  • 27. Isaiah 65:15; Jeremiah 18:16; Jeremiah 24:9; Jeremiah 26:6; Jeremiah 29:18; Jeremiah 42:18; Zechariah 8:13
  • 28. Jeremiah 11:22; Jeremiah 44:27, 28
  • 29. Jeremiah 22:10; Jeremiah 44:27
  • 30. Jeremiah 22:26, 27
  • 31. Isaiah 4:2; Isaiah 10:20; Jeremiah 44:28; Romans 9:27
  • 32. Proverbs 11:21; Isaiah 1:5; Jeremiah 5:1-5
  • 33. Jeremiah 43:2
  • 34. Proverbs 1:24-27; Jeremiah 11:8, 10; Jeremiah 13:10
  • 35. Numbers 30:12; Deuteronomy 23:23
  • 36. 2 Kings 17:16; Jeremiah 7:18
  • 37. Nehemiah 9:34; Jeremiah 32:32; Jeremiah 44:21
  • 38. Exodus 16:3; Hosea 2:5-9; Philippians 3:19
  • 39. Numbers 11:5, 6; Jeremiah 40:12; Malachi 3:13-15
  • 40. Jeremiah 7:18
  • 41. Numbers 30:6, 7; Jeremiah 44:15
  • 42. Ezekiel 8:10, 11
  • 43. Jeremiah 11:13; Jeremiah 44:9, 17
  • 44. Psalms 79:8; Isaiah 64:9; Jeremiah 14:10; Hosea 7:2; Amos 8:7
  • 45. Isaiah 7:13; Isaiah 43:24; Malachi 2:17
  • 46. Jeremiah 4:4; Jeremiah 21:12; Jeremiah 30:14
  • 47. Genesis 19:13; Psalms 107:33, 34; Jer 25:11, 18, 38; Jeremiah 29:18; Jeremiah 42:18; Jeremiah 44:12
  • 48. Jeremiah 7:13-15; Jeremiah 40:3
  • 49. Jeremiah 44:10; Psalms 119:136, 150
  • 50. 1 Kings 9:9; Nehemiah 13:18; Jeremiah 44:2; Daniel 9:11, 12
  • 51. Jeremiah 42:15; Jeremiah 44:16
  • 52. Jeremiah 43:7; Jeremiah 44:15, 26
  • 53. Jeremiah 44:17; Matthew 14:9; Acts 23:12
  • 54. Ezekiel 20:39
  • 55. Genesis 22:16; Deuteronomy 32:40, 41; Jeremiah 22:5; Amos 6:8; Hebrews 6:13
  • 56. Psalms 50:16; Ezekiel 20:39
  • 57. Isaiah 48:1, 2; Jeremiah 5:2
  • 58. Jeremiah 1:10; Jeremiah 31:28; Jeremiah 39:16
  • 59. 2 Kings 21:14; Jeremiah 44:14
  • 60. Jeremiah 44:14
  • 61. Isaiah 10:19; Isaiah 27:12, 13
  • 62. Psalms 33:11; Isaiah 14:27; Isaiah 46:10, 11; Zechariah 1:6
  • 63. Isaiah 7:11, 14; Isaiah 8:18; Jeremiah 44:30; Matt 24:15, 16, 32
  • 64. Proverbs 19:21; Isaiah 40:8
  • 65. Jeremiah 43:9-13; Jeremiah 46:25; Ezekiel 29:3; Ezekiel 30:21
  • 66. 2 Kings 25:4-7; Jeremiah 34:21; Jeremiah 39:5-7

Footnotes 31

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JEREMIAH 44

This chapter contains a sermon of Jeremiah's to the Jews in Egypt, reproving them for their idolatry there; their answer to it, expressing their resolution to continue in their idolatrous practices; and a denunciation of judgments upon them, of which a sign is given. The sermon begins with observing to them the destruction of Jerusalem, and the causes of it, idolatry and contempt of the prophets, Jer 44:1-6; then follows an expostulation with the present Jews for doing the same things, and exposing themselves and their posterity to the same punishment, Jer 44:7-10; upon which they are threatened with the sore judgments of God that should come upon them, and cut them off in general, Jer 44:11-14; yet such were the impudence and obstinacy of this people, that they declared they would not hearken to the prophet, but persist in their idolatry; it having been better with them when they practised it than when they left it, Jer 44:15-19; to which the prophet replies by observing, that for the idolatry of their fathers their land was become a desolation and a curse, as at this day, Jer 44:20-23; and assures them that destruction would come from the Lord upon them, which he had swore to, Jer 44:24-28; and a sign of it is given; the delivery of the king of Egypt into the hand of the king of Babylon, Jer 44:29,30.

Jeremiah 44 Commentaries

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